BASIC DATA TYPES IN C CODE
BASIC DATA TYPES IN C PLUS

Therefore, C provides keyword long that extends the range of int type variables. But we can specify only a small range of integers with standard int type. In some programs, you may need very large integers. The conversion character used with it is %hd. The variable temperature can store integers lying in the range -128 to +127. You can also put the qualifier short before the variable name in the variable declaration. The declaration of a variable temperature of short int type is as follows,

BASIC DATA TYPES IN C PLUS

As mentioned above, for the positive numbers, the leftmost bit is 0 for negative numbers, the leftmost bit is 1, and the remaining bits store complement of the number plus 1. Therefore, the values of short or short int or signed short int variables may vary from -32,768 to 32,767. Therefore, only 15 bits are available for the storage of the value. Generally, in a 32-bit computer system, the size of a Short (also written as short int) is 2 bytes (16 bits) are allocated for storage of short int out of the 16 bits, the leftmost bit reserved for the sign. Variables of such type require 1 byte for their storage and can support values ranging from -128 (-2 7) to +127 (+2 7-1). In such cases, C provides a short qualifier that can be prefixed before the int in the variable declaration. In certain programs, you may not need integers as large as the standard int type provides. The table enlists the various qualifiers that can be used with int type. These qualifiers are prefixed before int can be used by simply using the qualifier before the variable name in the variable declaration. So to solve this problem, C provides certain qualifiers like short, long, unsigned that extends the functionality of the int type. But while making programs, we may require integers beyond +32767 and integers below -32768. The int type only provides a range of integers to be operated on. Note: The amount of memory occupied by variables of these types varies from computer to computer. (iv) For variables having very large values, the type is long, long int, or only long long.

BASIC DATA TYPES IN C CODE

(iii) For variables having large integer values, the type code is long int or long. (ii) For variables having an intermediate range of values, the type code is int. (i) For variables having small integer values, the type code is short int or short. Integers also differentiated into the following three categories according to their size: We shall use this conversion character while printing variables of type int.

The conversion character used with this data type is %d. The variable length can store integers lying in the range -32768 to +32767. The declaration of a variable length of int type is as follows, However, it decreases the size of memory and hence the maximum value that can be stored in the allocated memory to half because we are losing the most significant bit.

If this bit is 0, the number is positive, and if it is 1, the number is negative. Therefore, out of the allocated memory space for integers, the leftmost bit is reserved for the number sign. Out of this, 1 bit is reserved for sign (-or+) and remaining 15 bits can contain 0 or 1.

Here we have subtracted 1 from the upper limit of the range because 0 is also included.įor example : A variable of int type requires 2 bytes (= 2 x 8 = 16 bits). Here, 1 has been subtracted as one bit is reserved for the signed bit and the remaining for the magnitude. This range can be calculated by using the formula -2 x-1 to +2 x-1 -1 where x is the total number of bits used to store the signed integer type. The range of values that variables of this type can hold lies between -32768 to +32767. it can be used to store both positive as well as negative values. They generally require 2 bytes of memory for their storage. In C, the keyword int is used to represent integer quantity. Integers are whole numbers without a fractional part. They are argumented by using data type qualifiers such as short, long, signed and unsigned. All the C compilers support five Primary(Built-in) Data Types, namely int, char, float, double and void.

Basic data types in c